直升機飛行員手冊直升機操作手冊 The Helicopter Pilot’s Handbook

時間：2011-04-05 11:37來源：藍(lán)天飛行翻譯 作者：航空 點擊：次

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Should have a minimum width of 30m or twice the overall length of the helicopter, whichever is the greater, obstacle-free and long enough to accommodate one third of the "Takeoff Distance to 100 feet" (168m—Bell 47) given in the Flight Manual (therefore 56m). The surface should be substantially level so a helicopter can land safely if an engine fails, without risk of injury to the occupants or third parties.
Takeoff Area (TA)
At the upwind end of the HAA, with the same width and at least twice the length, and free from significant obstacles. The minimum Takeoff Distance Available (Helicopters) (TODAH) should be greater than the Takeoff Distance Required to achieve a height of 100 feet, e.g. more than the HAA and TA combined. The total length of the TODAH is therefore about 168m.
Note: Performance figures here are for the Bell 206B for +20oC and 1000 feet PA at max AUW (hot Bank Holidays).
The Takeoff Area and downwind two-thirds of the IAA may contain insignificant or frangible obstacles only. The remainder should be obstacle-free (rope and stakes used for demarcation and public control are not considered to be obstacles).
Inner Approach Area (IAA)
For each direction of landing, has the same width as the HAA and accommodates the Landing Distance Required from 100 feet as detailed in the Flight Manual (but see JARs). The upwind third of the IAA should be completely free from obstacles. The minimum Landing Distance Available (Helicopters) (LDAH) should
exceed the Landing Distance Required from 100 feet.
Note: The TODAH and the IAA are essentially the same patch of ground, except the TODA is slightly longer. As both the HAA and the upwind third of the IAA must be obstacle-free and are at opposite ends of this area, the whole TODA should be obstacle-free.
Side Surfaces and Slopes
The Operational Area will have side surfaces rising upwards and outwards to 100 feet at a gradient of
1:1 from the edges of the HAA, Takeoff Area or IAA which will not be penetrated by any obstacle, fixed or transient. It will also be fenced, roped off or otherwise protected from intrusion by unauthorised persons, and therefore should not include an unguarded right of way. Takeoff, climb and approach slopes (which may be curved) must not be over large areas of water unless you can land safely on it in emergency. They should be obstruction-free with a gradient of not less than 1:8 and be 1000m long, possessing areas suitable for emergency landing.

Special Events (for UK)
Vast amounts of people being moved into a major sporting event (such as The British Grand Prix at Silverstone) make the feeder sites used for their lifting and dropping off liable for special treatment. These events are good for business—one good day at
Silverstone keeps some companies in profit for the year. As for Pleasure Flying sites, the authorities need to be notified (in this case at least 28 days before), but other considerations arise as well.

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